Lead mechanics

• Play figure of eights, circles, and A to B games first in your garden and then use these tools when you go out and about.

• Reward calm behaviour. Give treats, praise, or a favourite toy when your dog remains relaxed as other dogs pass.

• Avoid encouraging nose-to-nose greetings.

• If an owner is unresponsive or their dog is approaching aggressively, prioritise moving away.

• Safety gear options. A front-clip harness can give more control than a collar.